Evaluation of the effectiveness of HPV genotyping in the primary screening of cervical pathology

Abstract

DOI: 10.52705/2788-6190-2025-4-15
УДК 618.3/.7-06:618.146-006/03:618.177-089.888.11

The objective: to study the course of pregnancy, childbirth, and the condition of newborns after the use of assisted reproductive technologies (ART) in women with benign cervical pathology.
Materials and methods. A clinical analysis of the course of pregnancy in 90 women who became pregnant after ART cycles was performed. Group I (main) included 30 women with benign cervical pathology who underwent ablation treatment for benign cervical pathology before pregnancy; group II included 30 women with benign cervical pathology who did not undergo surgical intervention on the cervix before pregnancy. Group III (control) included 30 women without somatic and gynecological pathology. Statistical processing of research results was carried out using standard Microsoft Excel 5.0 and Statistical 6.0 programs.
Results. A physiological course of pregnancy was observed in 6 (20.0%) women in the control group and in 4 (13.3%) women in group I. In group II, there were no women who had a pregnancy without complications. The most common complications of pregnancy in patients in the main group compared to the control group were: threatened miscarriage, threatened premature birth, placental dysfunction, ZRP, anemia of pregnant women, and bacterial vaginosis. In pregnant women in group I, the frequency of complications was significantly lower compared to patients in group II: threatened miscarriage in group I – 15 (50.0%), and in group II – 25 (83.3%); preeclampsia 7 (23.3%) and 11 (36.6%); bacterial vaginosis – 2 (6.6%) and 11 (36.6%), respectively. As for perinatal outcomes, pregnancies that ended in live births in group I – 29 (96.7%), in group II – 26 (86.7%), in the control group – 30 (100.0%). Physiological deliveries occurred in 19 (63.4%) patients in the control group and in 29 (52.7%) women in the main group, of which only 7 (26.9%) were in group II. The highest frequency of pathological deliveries was observed in group II – 15 (57.7%), which differed from group I and the control group. The most common indications for cesarean section in women in group I were abnormalities of labor that could not be corrected with medication – 4 (13.8%), in groups II and the control group – fetal distress 8 (30.8%) and 5 (16.7%), respectively. The most common complications encountered in the postpartum period in the examined women, both in the main and control groups, were anemia. In the main group, lochiometra in 6 (10.9%) and uterine subinvolution in 3 (5.5%) are noteworthy.
Conclusions. Women with benign cervical pathology who became pregnant through ART are at risk for miscarriage, premature birth, and placental insufficiency; they are characterized by the lowest number of pregnancies resulting in live births and a high percentage of pathological births. The lowest incidence of complications during gestation was observed in women who became pregnant after ART and in women who underwent ablative treatment for benign cervical pathology and became pregnant 1.5 years later thanks to ART, with a negative cytological conclusion regarding intraepithelial lesions. The research was conducted according to principles of Declaration of Helsinkі. Protocol of research was proved by local ethical committee, mentioned in institution’s work. A informed sonsennt was collected in order to carry out the research.