Article Retraction Policy

Retraction is a mechanism for correcting published scientific information and alerting readers that a paper contains seriously flawed or unreliable data.

1. Grounds for Retraction: The Editorial Board will consider retracting a publication if:

• There is clear evidence that the findings are unreliable, either as a result of major error, fabrication, or falsification of data.
• Plagiarism or redundant publication (submitting the same paper to multiple journals) is detected.
• The research was conducted with serious ethical violations (e.g., lack of informed consent, violation of patient rights).
• An undisclosed conflict of interest is discovered that could significantly influence the interpretation of results.

2. Retraction Procedure:

• A retraction can be initiated by the authors, the editors, or third parties provided they present sufficient evidence.
• The Editorial Office conducts an internal investigation and, if necessary, requests explanations from the authors.
• The final decision on retraction is made by the Editorial Board.

3. Form of Retraction:

• The article remains in the journal's electronic archive and scientific databases, but a "RETRACTED" watermark is applied to the PDF version.
• A separate retraction notice is published on the website, stating the reasons for the retraction and identifying who initiated the process.