Assessment of D-status in women at risk for premature birth

Abstract

DOI: 10.52705/2788-6190-2022-04-3
УДК 618.396+577.161.22

Vitamin D deficiency is one of the most common vitamin deficiencies worldwide. An important factor
that has been intensively investigated in recent years is the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in the
pregnant population and the effect of vitamin D deficiency on the course of pregnancy.
The objective: work was to assess the D-status of pregnant women at risk of premature birth

Materials and methods. The studied cohort consisted of 170 women, of which 73 were pregnant
women with a threat of premature birth at 23–32 weeks of gestation (group I); 77 patients with
risk factors for premature birth (II group) and 20 conditionally healthy pregnant women at 37-
39 weeks’ gestation (control group). The level of 25(OH)D in blood serum was determined by
an immunochemical method with chemiluminescence detection (CMIA) (test systems ABBOT
Diagnostics, USA). The D-status was assessed according to the recommendations of international
experts, according to which the norm was the level of 25(OH)D > 30 ng/ml, the suboptimal level –
20–29.9 ng/ml, the moderate deficiency 10–19.9 ng/ml , severe deficiency < 10 ng/ml.

Results. The average age of the patients was 28.4±3.5 years. Lack and deficiency of vitamin D
among patients of the examined cohort accounted for 79.4% of cases. The highest frequency of
vitamin D supply (65.0%) was observed among patients of the control group at an average level
of 25(OH)D in blood serum of 36.7±3.5 ng/ml. Vitamin D deficiency occurred more often (41.6%)
in patients of the II group with risk factors for preterm birth, while vitamin D deficiency was most
common (53.4%) among pregnant women at risk of preterm birth.

Conclusion. The conducted study showed a significant prevalence of lack and deficiency of
vitamin D among patients with the threat and risk factors of premature birth. Given the limited
sample, it is premature to draw a conclusion regarding the relationship between vitamin deficiency
and the development of premature birth, which justifies the need for further research.